Gruyere cheese vs. Gouda cheese — Health Impact and Nutrition Comparison
Summary
Gouda cheese contains two times more folate and 1.1 times more vitamin B2. Gruyere cheese, in contrast, has 1.7 times more vitamin A. Gruyere cheese covers your daily calcium needs. Though gouda cheese has a low sugar content, it has 6 times more sugar than gruyere cheese. On the other hand, gruyere cheese contains 10 percent less sodium.
Gouda cheese contains fewer calories than gruyere cheese, while gruyere contains more protein and less sodium.
Table of contents
Introduction
In this article, we will talk about the similarities and differences between gouda cheese and gruyere cheese.
Classification
Gouda is a Dutch cheese named after the town of Gouda.
Gruyere cheese has its roots in Switzerland.
Gouda is typically produced from pasteurized cow's milk, while sometimes it is made from sheep's or goat's milk to produce long-aged cheeses. Unlike it, gruyere cheese is made from unpasteurized cow's milk.
Gouda can mature from 4 weeks to over 12 months, resulting in vastly different outcomes. Gruyere cheese, on the other hand, is often aged for six months or more.
Appearance
The gouda cheese itself is a deep yellow color. Young gouda cheese has yellow, orange, or red wax rinds, and mature white cheese has black wax coverings.
Gruyere cheese is pale yellow with a natural, rusty brown rind. On the other hand, it has a few holes, or "eyes," characteristic of Swiss cheese, produced by gas bubbles released by the bacteria used in the cheese's production.
Unlike gouda cheese, which is semi-hard, gruyere cheese is hard.
Taste and Use
The taste of gouda cheese and gruyere cheese mostly depends on the aging process during cheese-making. Flavors get stronger as they mature.
Gouda cheese typically has a slightly sweet and nutty flavor. In contrast, Gruyere cheese is known for its rich, creamy, and salty taste.
The taste and texture of younger Gouda cheeses are soft and nearly sweet, while younger Gruyere cheese has a milder, grassier flavor.
The older Gouda cheeses become firmer, stronger, and darker, taking on a buttery and nutty flavor, while mature Gruyere has a sharper character.
You may include both in your cheese board.
Gouda cheese goes well with beer and slightly sweet rye bread, whereas gruyere cheese goes well with white, red, and rose wines.
Varieties
Gouda cheese and gruyere cheese come in several various variations based on age. Gouda cheese has six types. The young Gouda is ready for consumption four weeks after production; young matured at eight to ten weeks, matured at sixteen to eighteen weeks, extra mature at seven to eight months, old or fully matured at ten to twelve months, and very aged at more than twelve months.
Unlike it, gruyere cheese has three primary types. Classic has matured for at least five months, d'Alpage at 5 to 10 months, and Reserve for 10 to 16 months.
Nutrition
The nutritional values in this article are presented for 100g gouda and gruyere cheeses.
Macronutrients and Calories
Compared to gouda cheese, gruyere has 10% higher protein and 8% higher fats per 100g.
On the other hand, gouda is higher in water. While Gouda contains 41.5g of water, gruyere contains 33.1g.
Macronutrient Comparison
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ProteinProtein
+19.5%
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FatsFats
+17.9%
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CarbsCarbs
+516.7%
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WaterWater
+24.9%
Calories
Both of these types of cheese are high-calorie foods; however, gruyere cheese is higher in calories.
A 100g serving of gouda cheese contains 356 calories, while the same serving size of gruyere cheese provides 413 calories.
Protein
Gruyere cheese is slightly higher in protein (29.8 g in 100 g) compared to gouda cheese (24.9 g in 100 g). Both are high in all essential amino acids. However, gruyere is richer in all essential amino acids.
Fats
Gruyere cheese contains more fats than gouda cheese. Gruyere is 2.5 times richer in polyunsaturated fats.
Compared to gruyere cheese, which has 110 mg of cholesterol, gouda has 114 mg per 100g.
Fat Type Comparison
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Mono. FatMonounsaturated Fat
+29.6%
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Poly. FatPolyunsaturated fat
+163.8%
Carbohydrates
Gouda cheese has a higher sugar content. In contrast to gruyere cheese, which has only 0.36g of sugar, gouda has 2.22g.
However, both are low in carbohydrates.
Gouda cheese and gruyere cheese do not contain dietary fiber.
Carbohydrate type comparison
Vitamins
Gouda cheese is richer in vitamin B2 and folate (vitamin B9).
Gruyere cheese, on the other hand, contains higher levels of vitamin B5 and vitamin A.
Gouda cheese and gruyere cheese contain similar amounts of vitamin B6, vitamin K, and vitamin D. Both of them are entirely absent in vitamin C.
Vitamin Comparison
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Vitamin AVitamin A
+68.4%
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Vitamin E Vitamin E
+16.7%
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Vitamin DVitamin D
+20%
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Vitamin B1Vitamin B1
+100%
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Vitamin B3Vitamin B3
+68.3%
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Vitamin B5Vitamin B5
+65.3%
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Vitamin KVitamin K
+17.4%
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Vitamin B2Vitamin B2
+19.7%
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FolateFolate
+110%
Minerals
Gouda cheese is 1,5 times higher in potassium than gruyere cheese. At the same time, gruyere cheese contains more calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium.
Compared to gouda cheese, which has 700 mg of calcium, gruyere cheese has 1011 mg. Gruyere cheese is also lower in sodium.
Both food items are equal in their zinc, selenium, copper, and choline contents.
Mineral Comparison
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MagnesiumMagnesium
+24.1%
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CalciumCalcium
+44.4%
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SodiumSodium
-12.8%
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ManganeseManganese
+54.5%
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PotassiumPotassium
+49.4%
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IronIron
+41.2%
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CopperCopper
+12.5%
Glycemic Index
There are no particular glycemic index values established for gouda and gruyere cheese. Due to the low-carb content of cheeses, they are classified as low glycemic index foods.
Acidity
Both of them are acidic. Gouda cheese has a typical pH value of 5,1 to 5,4.
Gruyere cheese has a pH value of 5,5 to 5,7.
An alternative way of measuring the acidity of foods is the potential renal acid load (PRAL). The PRAL value of peanut butter is 20 (acidic).
The PRAL value of hummus is 21.2 (acidic).
Weight Loss & Diets
Both kinds of cheese are low in calories and fat contents, but Gouda cheese is a better choice for low-calorie and low-fat diets than gruyere cheese.
Furthermore, both low-carbohydrate kinds of cheeses are acceptable on a keto diet.
Both of them can not be allowed during vegan and vegetarian diets.
Health Benefits
Cardiovascular Health
Due to gouda's high sodium level, gruyere may be a preferable alternative for persons with hypertension. However, gouda has a higher potassium content, which is also proven to lower blood pressure(1). In addition, gouda also has some bioactive peptides with anti-hypertensive activities(2).
Gruyere cheese, on the other hand, contains more calcium, which is proven to help regulate blood pressure.
Overall, according to another meta-analysis, low-fat cheeses may protect against stroke or coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence(3).
Diabetes
According to this meta-analysis, there is an inverse association between low-fat dairy products and cheese consumption with the risk of type 2 diabetes(4).
Results of the other study suggested that Gouda cheese may play a function in preventing cardiovascular illnesses and diabetic complications(2).
Digestive Health
Both are safe for galactosemia patients to eat because they have less than 25 mg of galactose per 100 grams(5).
Downsides and Risks
Cardiovascular Health
As mentioned above, gouda cheese contains more sodium. It is associated with increased blood pressure, which is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease(6).
Unlike gouda cheese, gruyere contains more phosphorus. Higher phosphorus concentrations, on the other hand, were correlated to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease events(7).
Allergy
Lactose may be present in small amounts in gouda cheese and gruyere cheese. However, gouda cheese may contain more lactose than gruyere cheese. That might be unsafe for lactose-intolerant people(8).
Cancer
Gouda cheese and gruyere cheese have both been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, even though cheese consumption can be preventive against several types of cancer. But in comparison to gouda cheese, gruyere cheese has a higher risk(9).
Sources
- https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/abs/10.7326/0003-4819-98-5-773
- https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/1/78
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25740747/
- https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/98/4/1066/4577090
- https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/3/594
- https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/9/1970
- https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nyas.12283
- https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/food-other-adverse-reactions/food-intolerance
- https://foodforbreastcancer.com/foods/cheese
Infographic
Comparison summary table
Lower in Cholesterol | |||
Lower in Sugar | |||
Lower in Sodium | |||
Lower in price | |||
Rich in vitamins | |||
Lower in Saturated Fat | |||
Lower in Glycemic Index | Equal | ||
Rich in minerals | Equal |
All nutrients comparison - raw data values
Nutrient | Opinion | ||
Calories | 413kcal | 356kcal | |
Protein | 29.81g | 24.94g | |
Fats | 32.34g | 27.44g | |
Net carbs | 0.36g | 2.22g | |
Carbs | 0.36g | 2.22g | |
Cholesterol | 110mg | 114mg | |
Vitamin D | 24IU | 20IU | |
Magnesium | 36mg | 29mg | |
Calcium | 1011mg | 700mg | |
Potassium | 81mg | 121mg | |
Iron | 0.17mg | 0.24mg | |
Sugar | 0.36g | 2.22g | |
Copper | 0.032mg | 0.036mg | |
Zinc | 3.9mg | 3.9mg | |
Phosphorus | 605mg | 546mg | |
Sodium | 714mg | 819mg | |
Vitamin A | 948IU | 563IU | |
Vitamin A RAE | 271µg | 165µg | |
Vitamin E | 0.28mg | 0.24mg | |
Vitamin D | 0.6µg | 0.5µg | |
Manganese | 0.017mg | 0.011mg | |
Selenium | 14.5µg | 14.5µg | |
Vitamin B1 | 0.06mg | 0.03mg | |
Vitamin B2 | 0.279mg | 0.334mg | |
Vitamin B3 | 0.106mg | 0.063mg | |
Vitamin B5 | 0.562mg | 0.34mg | |
Vitamin B6 | 0.081mg | 0.08mg | |
Vitamin B12 | 1.6µg | 1.54µg | |
Vitamin K | 2.7µg | 2.3µg | |
Folate | 10µg | 21µg | |
Choline | 15.4mg | 15.4mg | |
Saturated Fat | 18.913g | 17.614g | |
Monounsaturated Fat | 10.043g | 7.747g | |
Polyunsaturated fat | 1.733g | 0.657g | |
Tryptophan | 0.421mg | 0.352mg | |
Threonine | 1.089mg | 0.93mg | |
Isoleucine | 1.612mg | 1.306mg | |
Leucine | 3.102mg | 2.564mg | |
Lysine | 2.71mg | 2.654mg | |
Methionine | 0.822mg | 0.719mg | |
Phenylalanine | 1.743mg | 1.431mg | |
Valine | 2.243mg | 1.806mg | |
Histidine | 1.117mg | 1.032mg |
Which food is preferable for your diet?
Low Calories diet | ||
Low Fats diet | ||
Low Carbs diet | ||
Low Glycemic Index diet | Equal |
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Vitamins & Minerals Daily Need Coverage Score
Comparison summary
References
All the values for which the sources are not specified explicitly are taken from FDA’s Food Central. The exact link to the food presented on this page can be found below.
- Gruyere cheese - https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/171242/nutrients
- Gouda cheese - https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/171241/nutrients
All the Daily Values are presented for males aged 31-50, for 2000-calorie diets.